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Aluminum Deox

Aluminum deox semispheres, often referred to simply as aluminum deox semispheres, are specialized
forms of aluminum used in steelmaking to remove oxygen from molten steel. These semispheres are
preferred for their shape, which allows for better handling and controlled addition to the steel. By
acting as a deoxidizing agent, aluminum helps to improve the quality of the steel by reducing the
oxygen content, thus minimizing the formation of oxides and improving the steel’s overall strength and
durability. This process also enhances the steel’s castability and surface finish, making it more
suitable for a variety of applications

Specifications:

Al: 95% min
C: 0,05% max
Mn: 0.35% max
Si: 1,8% max
Cu: 1% max
Mg: 0,5% max
Zn: 1% max
Sn: 0,5% max

Chromium Metal

Chromium metal is a high-purity form of the element chromium, notable for its hardness, high melting
point, and excellent corrosion resistance. It is primarily used in the production of stainless steel and
other alloys to impart these properties, making the resulting materials highly durable and resistant to
oxidation and tarnishing. Beyond steelmaking, chromium metal is also essential in the manufacturing
of superalloys, used in aerospace and industrial gas turbines due to their ability to retain strength at
high temperatures. Additionally, chromium is used in electroplating to provide a decorative, corrosion
resistant coating to a variety of products, including automotive parts, tools, and appliance

Specifications:

Cr: 99% min
Al: 0,3% max
C: 0,02% max
P: 0,01% max
O: 0,4% max
Si: 0,3% max
Fe: 0,4% max
S: 0,02% max
N: 0,03% max

Manganese metal lump

Manganese metal lump, often referred to as Mn, is a high-purity form of manganese available in large,
irregularly shaped pieces. This form of manganese is essential in the steelmaking industry, where it is
used to improve the strength, toughness, and wear resistance of steel. Manganese metal lump is also
critical in the production of non-ferrous alloys, where it enhances properties such as hardness and
resistance to oxidation. Additionally, it finds applications in the production of certain chemical
compounds and as a catalyst in various industrial processes.

Specifications:

Mn: 95% min
S: 0,03% max
Si: 0,4% max
C: 0,05% max
P: 0,03% max

Electrolytic Manganese

Electrolytic manganese metal flake is a high-purity form of manganese produced through an
electrolytic process. It is characterized by its flake-like appearance and is predominantly used in the
production of high-grade stainless steel and aluminum alloys. The addition of electrolytic manganese
improves the strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance of these metals. This high-purity manganese
is also crucial in the manufacturing of batteries, particularly in the cathodes of lithium-ion and alkaline
batteries, enhancing their performance and longevity.

Specifications:

Mn: 99,7% min
C: 0,040% max
S: 0,050% max
P: 0,01% max
Fe+Se+Si 0,205% max

Ferro Niobium (FeNb)

Ferro niobium is an alloy that enhances the grain structure of steel, thereby improving its toughness
and strength. By refining the grain size, ferro niobium contributes to the production of high
performance steels that are more resilient and capable of withstanding heavy loads and harsh
conditions. This makes it particularly valuable in the manufacturing of pipelines, automotive
components, and structural applications in construction. Additionally, ferro niobium improves the
weldability and formability of steel, allowing for more versatile and efficient manufacturing processes.

Specifications:

Nb: 63% min
Al: 2% max
Si: 3% max
C: 0,2% max
P: 0,15% max
Ta: 0,5% max
Ti: 1% max
S: 0,10% max
Mn: 1% max
Sn: 0,10% max
Pb: 0,01% max

Ferro Molybdenum (FEMO)

Ferro molybdenum is an important iron-molybdenum alloy used to add molybdenum to steel,
significantly improving its strength and corrosion resistance. This alloy enhances the hardenability,
toughness, and high-temperature strength of steel, making it ideal for use in demanding environments
such as in the construction of pipelines, automotive parts, and chemical processing equipment. By
incorporating ferro molybdenum, steel manufacturers can produce high-performance alloys that
withstand extreme conditions, resist wear and deformation, and have prolonged service lives.

Specifications:

Mo: 65% min
C: 0,10% max
Si: 1,50% max
Ti: 0,030% max
V: 0,20% max
Cu: 0,50% max
S: 0,100 max
P:0,035% max

Silico-Manganese

Silico-manganese, crucial in steel production, enhances the steel’s strength, toughness, and
resistance to wear. Its addition improves the hardenability and tensile strength of steel, making it more
durable and less susceptible to damage under stress. Beyond steelmaking, silico-manganese is used
as a deoxidizing agent, reducing the formation of oxides and impurities in the steel, thus improving its
quality and durability. Additionally, silico-manganese plays a vital role in the production of specialty
steels and cast iron, underscoring its versatile industrial applicability.

Specifications:

Mn: 65% min
Si: 15% min
P: 0,30% max
C: 2,0% max
S: 0,040% max

Ferromanganese

Ferromanganese, crucial in steel production, enhances the steel’s strength, stiffness, and resistance
to wear. Its addition improves the hardenability and tensile strength of steel, making it more durable
and less susceptible to damage under stress. Beyond steelmaking, ferro manganese is used as a
deoxidizing agent, helping to remove oxygen from molten metal and reduce impurities, thereby
improving the quality and consistency of the final product. Additionally, ferro manganese plays a vital
role in the production of various alloys and cast iron, underscoring its versatile industrial applicability.

Specifications:

Mn: 75% min
C: 8% max
Si: 2,5% max
P: 0,2% max
S: 0,04% max

Ferrovanadium (FeV)

Ferrovanadium is an alloy that significantly enhances the strength, toughness, and shock resistance of
steel. It is used predominantly in the production of high-strength steels for applications that demand
durability and resilience, such as in construction, automotive, and aerospace industries. By adding
ferrovanadium to steel, manufacturers can achieve a superior balance of hardness and ductility,
making the material ideal for critical components like gears, axles, and structural beams. Additionally,
ferrovanadium improves the steel’s resistance to wear and deformation, extending the lifespan and
reliability of the finished on products.

Specifications:

V: 78% min
C: 0,25% max
Si: 1,0% max
Al: 1% max
S: 0,05% max

Ferrosilicon (FeSi)

Ferrosilicon, a ferroalloy of iron and silicon, is extensively used in steelmaking and foundry work.
Acting as a source of silicon, it helps reduce metals from their oxides and deoxidize steel and other
ferrous alloys. This process is crucial for improving the quality and properties of steel, making it more
ductile and increasing its tensile strength. Ferrosilicon also plays a pivotal role in technological
advancements by being a key component in the production of magnesium ferrosilicon for nodular cast
iron, which is used in automotive and industrial applications. Additionally, it is used in the production
of silicon, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant ferrous silicon alloys, and silicon steel
for electromotors and transformer cores.

Specifications:

Si: 70/73/75% min
Al: 1,5% max
C: 0,20% max
P: 0,050% max
S: 0,040% max

Ferrochrome

Ferrochrome, often abbreviated as FeCr, is a ferroalloy composed primarily of iron and chromium. It is
notable for its high corrosion resistance and durability. Predominantly used in the production of
stainless steel, ferrochrome imparts an attractive finish, enhances strength, and significantly boosts
resistance to corrosion and oxidation. Beyond stainless steel, ferrochrome is also used in the
manufacturing of specialized alloys and coatings that require enhanced durability and aesthetic
appeal. The production of ferrochrome involves the carbothermic reduction of chromite, a process
that is energy-intensive and crucial for the steelmaking industry.

Specifications:

Low Ti:
Cr: 65% min
C: 9% max
Si: 1% / 1,5% max
P: 0,03% max
S: 0,05% max
Ti: 0,02% / 0,03% max

Low Carbon:
Cr: 65% / 70% min
C: 0,1% / 0,2% max
Si: 1,5% max
P: 0,03% max
S: 0,03% max

Medium Carbon:
Cr: 65% min
C: 0,5% – 4% max
Si: 1,5% max
P: 0,03% max
S: 0,03% max

Low Phosphorus:
Cr: 65% min
C: 8,5% max
Si: 1,5% max
P: 0,015% max
S: 0,05% max

Chrome Ore

Chrome ore, also known as chromite, is the most important source of chromium, a metal used in
various industrial applications. It is primarily composed of iron oxide and chromium oxide (FeCr₂O3),
Chromite is usually found in ultramafic rocks and is mined for its high chromium content, which is
essential in the production of stainless steel, alloys, and other chemical processes.

Specifications:

Cr₂O3 from 26% grade to 44% grade
Cr₂O3 / FeO+: 1:8 – 3:1
SiO2: 12% – 16% max
Al2O3: 10% – 17% max
CaO: 1% – 2% max
P: 0,009% max
S: 0,05% max